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The shocking cost of biofilm to the UK economy

Did you know that biofilm contamination contributes to around £45 billion in economic losses annually in the UK.

This estimate from The National Biofilms Innovation Centre (NBIC) identifies that biofilm contamination presents a significant and growing challenge across the UK's manufacturing and energy sectors, leading to substantial economic costs due to lost productivity and downtime. (1)

The shocking cost of biofilm to the UK economy

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Posted on: 16th May 2025

The effects of Biofilm worldwide

On a global scale, biofilms are responsible for an estimated $5 trillion in economic impact each year, affecting industries such as agriculture, healthcare, and energy. (2)

This staggering statistic shines a spotlight on the importance of research and use of innovative technologies like Ice Pigging to help tackle biofilm buildup. 

How is biofilm such a cost to the economy? 

Maintaining clean and efficient pipework is crucial in many industries, from water treatment plants, to food processing facilities and the pharmaceutical industry - where quality of water is critical for production activities. 

A challenge faced by these industries is the formation of biofilm within pipework.

In manufacturing: 

Biofilms can lead to equipment fouling, increased maintenance requirements, and product contamination. These issues contribute to unplanned downtime, which, across UK manufacturers, results in losses estimated at £180 billion annually. (3)

In the energy sector: 

In energy production and distribution, biofilms can cause microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), leading to pipeline degradation and reduced efficiency. Such issues require costly repairs and can result in significant operational downtime. (4)

In the Water Quality & Public Health areas:

In the food, pharmaceutical, and beverage industries, biofilms can cause hygiene failures. This can lead to product recalls, damage to trust in the brand and risks to public health. Biofilms harbour pathogens like Legionella and Pseudomonas which can be fatal, all increasing the burden on the NHS. 

Implications of biofilm for Industries

The pervasive nature of biofilms underscores the importance of effective monitoring and mitigation strategies. Implementing advanced cleaning technologies, such as Ice Pigging, can play a crucial role in maintaining system integrity, reducing downtime of production lines and therefore reducing the economic burden associated with biofilm-related issues.

The Solution to biofilm contamination: Proactive Control

Ice Pigging offers a highly effective solution when used with other techniques. It is a low-disruption cleaning method that removes biofilms without damaging infrastructure. 

With low risk, no need for harmful chemicals and quick tangible results it really is one of the best innovative solutions to help tackle biofilm and reduce the cost to the UK economy. 

Read more about the benefits of using Ice Pigging to remove biofilm

(1) NBIC+2UK Research and Innovation+2Food Safety+2, (2) PMC, (3) CILT Home, (4) PMC

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